Biological activity of proteins from legumes of the Vigna’s genus: A brief review

Abstract

Plant species of the genus Vigna belong to the group of legumes, they have a high protein content, including albumins and globulins, being the main function as storage proteins; however, they perform defense functions against fungi, insects, and microorganisms, such as the case of lectins, protease inhibitors, α-amylase inhibitors, defensins, lipid transfer proteins (nsLTPs), thionins, cyclotides, among others. Currently, all these proteins, as well as the peptides obtained from their hydrolysis, are considered relevant due to the biological activity they have demonstrated, including anticancer, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, and insecticidal properties. These diverse biological activities underscore the potential of Vigna species as valuable resources for developing functional foods and pharmaceutical and agricultural products.